Columbia stands astride the Lancaster Turnpike (U.S. 30), and in the middle of the nineteenth century was the terminus of the Pennsylvania Railroad that made the connection to the raft and ark-born cargoes of wood and coal that were shipped downriver. Incorporated in 1814, it continued to grow until the early twentieth century, accounting for a row of handsome churches on the principal street and some remarkable turn-of-the-twentieth-century houses inland on the crest of the hill.
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