Anglo-American settlement in the area began in the late 1830s, and this community formed in the 1850s, named for William H. Pitts from Georgia. In 1874, Pittsburg became the county seat of the newly organized Camp County. The town received two vital rail connections during the 1870s when the East Line and Red River Railroad was constructed east to west across the county and the Texas and St. Louis Railway entered from the north. Pittsburg became a distribution hub for area farmers well into the twentieth century. The first Carnegie library in Texas was built in Pittsburg (1898; burned 1939).
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